Safety
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Wildfire- Crown Fire Probability
This layer represents crown fire probability. The map and model were prepared by the US Forest Service and are based on a mapping effort by Mark Finney and Laurie Kurth at the Fire Lab in Missoula. This process focuses on crown fires. Analysis methods include Monte Carlo runs for problem fires, and took into account the last 20 years of actual fires history and behavior. This map was run for about two thirds of the total area of Montana in and around National Forest lands. It included all lands, not just federal land.
CommunityViz suitability model was calculated as the summed probability values of the study unit for this map layer.
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Fire Hazard Areas
This layer serves as a surrogate for areas not covered by US Forest Service burned area probability maps. The data were used to identify ponderosa pine and Douglas fir vegetation types and were derived from LANDFIRE products.
The CommunityViz suitability model was calculated as percent of study unit for this map layer.
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Hazardous Sites
This layer represents hazardous waste sites. It was created by combining data associated with the following layers downloaded from NRIS in February 2011:
- DEQ Hazardous Waste Handlers (points)
- DEQ Non-Facility Petroleum Leak Sites (points)
- DEQ Underground Storage Tank Facilities (points)
- DEQ Underground Storage Tank Facility Leak Sites (points)
- EPA Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) sites (points)
- Landfills (1996) (points)
CommunityViz suitability model was calculated as the average distance of the study unit to hazardous sites using an average speed by road type cost surface to calculate the relative distance. Unlike all other cost distance values, for these sites the CommunityViz model was inverted, so the farther away from the hazardous site the higher the suitability.
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Surface Fire Probability
This simulation research was conducted in order to develop a large-fire risk assessment system for the contiguous land area of the United States. The modeling system was applied to each of 134 Fire Planning Units (FPUs) to estimate burn probabilities and fire size distributions. To obtain stable estimates of these quantities, fire ignition and growth was simulated for 10,000 to 50,000 “years” of artificial weather. The fire growth simulations, when run repeatedly with different weather and ignition locations, produce burn probabilities and fire behavior distributions at each landscape location (e.g. number of times a “cell” burns at a given intensity divided by the total years). "A Simulation of Probabilistic Wildfire Risk Components for the Continental United States." Mark A. Finney, Charles W. McHugh, Isaac C. Grenfell, Karin L. Riley, Karen C. Short. USDA Forest Service, Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, 5775 Highway 10 West, Missoula, MT 59808.
CommunityViz suitability model was calculated as the summed probability values of the study unit for this map layer.
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Fire Stations
This layer represents fire stations extracted from the Montana Structures Framework, a statewide spatial database of primary structures/buildings in the State of Montana. The Montana Structures Framework is one of thirteen Montana Spatial Data Infrastructure (MSDI) Framework themes. The goal of the Montana Structures Framework is to have a routinely updated statewide database of structures with addresses and the functions, or structure type, associated with the structures. Through a federated approach, the project integrates structures data from local, state, federal and private data providers into the standardized Montana Structures Database.
CommunityViz suitability model was calculated as the average distance of the study unit to fire stations using an average speed by road type cost surface to calculate the relative distance.
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Ambulance Facilities
This layer represents ambulance services extracted from the Montana Structures Framework, a statewide spatial database of primary structures/buildings in the State of Montana. The Montana Structures Framework is one of thirteen Montana Spatial Data Infrastructure (MSDI) Framework themes. The goal of the Montana Structures Framework is to have a routinely updated statewide database of structures with addresses and the functions, or structure type, associated with the structures. Through a federated approach, the project integrates structures data from local, state, federal and private data providers into the standardized Montana Structures Database.
CommunityViz suitability model was calculated as the average distance of the study unit to ambulance home stations using an average speed by road type cost surface to calculate the relative distance.